Biodegradable Materials for Thermoforming Applications

As the global thermoforming industry shifts toward sustainability, biodegradable materials have become the core choice for eco-friendly packaging solutions. Tailored to the forming characteristics and application scenarios of thermoforming processes, these materials balance process ability, product performance, and environmental friendliness.

Here are the main types of biodegradable materials suitable for thermoforming:

1. PLA (Polylactic Acid)

Derived from renewable resources like corn starch and sugarcane, PLA is the most widely used biodegradable material in thermoforming. It features excellent transparency, rigidity, and printability, making it ideal for food trays, blister packaging for electronics, and cosmetic clamshells. PLA requires industrial composting conditions (55–70°C with high humidity) to fully degrade into carbon dioxide and water within 3–6 months.

2. PBAT (Polybutylene Adipate Terephthalate)

A flexible biodegradable copolymer, PBAT boasts good toughness, ductility, and compatibility with other materials. It is often blended with PLA to improve the latter’s brittleness, creating a composite material suitable for soft thermoformed products such as fruit containers and flexible food packaging. PBAT is fully biodegradable under both industrial and home composting conditions.

3. PHA (Polyhydroxyalkanoates)

Produced by microbial fermentation of organic matter, PHA is a family of biodegradable polymers with high biocompatibility and heat resistance. It can be thermoformed into rigid or flexible products, including medical device packaging and high-temperature-resistant food trays. PHA degrades naturally in soil, seawater, and compost environments without leaving harmful residues.

4. Starch-based Blends

Made from modified natural starches (potato, tapioca) combined with biodegradable polymers, these blends are cost-effective and fully compostable. They are suitable for low-demand thermoformed items like disposable cutlery packaging and agricultural seedling trays, offering a sustainable alternative to traditional petroleum-based plastics.

All our biodegradable thermoforming materials comply with international standards such as EN 13432 and BPI Certification, ensuring they meet the sustainability requirements of global markets.